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Accumulation of energy in "heat batteries"
Janečka, Filip ; Kudela, Libor (referee) ; Pospíšil, Jiří (advisor)
Thermal energy storage is an important alternative to other, more common methods of energy storage, such as electrochemical batteries, as most of the energy used in homes is in the form of heat. The use of thermal energy storage therefore skips the step where electricity is converted into heat, which can increase the efficiency of the whole process and reduce energy costs. In this paper, five important thermal energy storage methods are described and evaluated with respect to their use by an individual in a single family home as well as for use in high energy demand applications (central heating, power generation, etc.). The five heat storage methods are: ground storage, sand storage, PCM (phase change material) storage, thermochemical storage and hydrogen storage. Emphasis is placed on highlighting the advantages and disadvantages of each type of thermal storage reservoir, showing pilot implementations and comparing them with each other. Furthermore, an evaluation of the seasonal storage capability of the different thermal storage systems is made, which shows that the only storage guaranteed to be capable of almost unlimited storage time is the thermochemical storage system. Also in this work, a water heat storage tank for a single-family house is proposed, which was chosen because of its good scalability, proven functionality and relatively simple design.
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